Editing Vocabulary :
Cut : sudden change from one viewpoint or location to another. On television cuts occur on average about every 7 or 8 seconds it can be used to ; change the scene, compress time, vary the point of view, build up an image or idea.
Matched Cut: In a ‘matched cut’ a familiar relationship between the shots may make the change seem smooth ; continuity of direction, completed action, a similar centre of attention in the frame , a one-step change of shot size (long to medium) a change of angle.
Jump Cut: abrupt switch from one scene to another which may be used deliberately to make a dramatic point.
Motivated Cut : Cut made just at the point where what has occurred makes the viewer immediately want to see something which is not currently visible.
Cutting Rate : frequent cuts may be used as deliberate interruptions to shock surprise or emphasize
Cross-Cut : a cut from one line of action to another.
Cutaway/cutaway shot (CA): a bridging intercut shot between two shots of the same subject.
Reaction Shot : any shot usually a cutaway in which a participant reacts to action which has just occurred.
Insert/insert shot : a bridging close up shot inserted into the larger context offering an essential detail of the scene
Fade, Dissolve (mix) : both fades and dissolves are gradual transitions between shots.
Superimpositions: two of more images placed directly over each other
Wipe: an optical effect marking a transition between two shots.
Inset: An inset is a special visual effect whereby a reduced shot is superimposed on the main shot. Often used to reveal a close-up detail of the main shot.
Split Screen: the division of the screen into parts which can show the viewer several images at the same time.
Camera Terms:
Long shot (LS): subject is distant from camera surroundings dominate
Establishing shot (ES) : often a long shot or wide shot, it sets the scene by establishing where the action is happening ; generally used as the first shot in a sequence.
Medium shot (MS) : shot where the subject and the setting are roughly in balance, so that both the person and where he/ she is situated is clear.
Close up (CU): the subject dominates the frame;anything from the head and shoulders shot to a giant image of part of the body or part of an object like an eye or a number on a clock face
can also have extreme close ups so one thing dominates the frame
Over the Shoulder (OTS): shot looking over the shoulder of one character for example at the face of another character
Pan: sideways movement of camera from a static position
Tilt: up or down movement of the camera from a static position
Track or Dolly shot : movement of camera on some kind of trolley often following a character
High Angle: shot looking down on a subject
Low Angle : shot looking up at a subject
Zoom: movement of lens to go closer or moves out from the subject
Lighting :
Key light : a bright source that provides main lighting
High- key lighting : bright illumination few or no shadows minimum contrast
Low-key lighting : dim or dark lighting effects
Backlighting : light coming from behind the subject
Three point lighting: a common set up using three directions of light on a scene ; behind, 1 source, dimmer opposite
Lighting from front gives a flat, two dimensional image
Side-lighting is used to create dramatic effects
Backlighting is used to create a silhouette
Sound :
Digetic : part of the drama’s world i.e. the characters in a drama can hear the sound
Non-digetic : sound that is not part of the world of the drama it is often added later
Parallel (synchronous) : mood effect that matches the drama
Contrapuntal (asynchronous) : doesn’t match the action of the show
Incidental Music : crates the mood and helps create an audience response
Ambient Sound: generates atmosphere to enhance the setting
Themes and stings: Incidental music associated with characters and events.
No comments:
Post a Comment