Waterloo Road Link and brief description ....

http://www.bbc.co.uk/iplayer/episode/b01s9c0v/Waterloo_Road_Series_8_Episode_21/

This is a link to an episode of "Waterloo Road" which is a soap opera which falls under the category of  tv drama. The macro elements of this episode is the representation of a school and the environment which is a combination of the teachers and the students lives. This episode is about a new boy who arrives at the school but brings his troubled past with him that causes more problems at this new school. The most prominent representation is the difficulties that single mothers face.

The episode incorporates several of the different elements that defined in the previous post it has a lot of standard edits which is mainly straight cuts or motivated cuts which show a change in the action that is occurring in the same moment. There is not a vast amount of shots but there are establishing tacking and close ups. There is the use of digetic sound which includes the dialogue and there is also a lot of different props such as the characters uniforms which define them and their position of authority within the school.

I have attached this link so that there is an example of the type of clip or episode that I will be analysing in my exam.

Media Key Terms - Micro Representation

Editing Vocabulary : 

Cut : sudden change from one viewpoint or location to another. On television cuts occur on average about every 7 or 8 seconds it can be used to ; change the scene, compress time, vary the point of view, build up an image or idea.

Matched Cut: In a ‘matched cut’ a familiar relationship between the shots may make the change seem smooth ; continuity of direction, completed action, a similar centre of attention in the frame , a one-step change of shot size (long to medium) a change of angle. 

Jump Cut: abrupt switch from one scene to another which may be used deliberately to make a dramatic point. 

Motivated Cut : Cut made just at the point where what has occurred makes the viewer immediately want to see something which is not currently visible. 

Cutting Rate : frequent cuts may be used as deliberate interruptions to shock surprise or emphasize 

Cross-Cut : a cut from one line of action to another. 

Cutaway/cutaway shot (CA): a bridging intercut shot between two shots of the same subject. 

Reaction Shot : any shot usually a cutaway in which a participant reacts to action which has just occurred.

Insert/insert shot : a bridging close up shot inserted into the larger context offering an essential detail of the scene 

Fade, Dissolve (mix) : both fades and dissolves are gradual transitions between shots.

Superimpositions: two of more images placed directly over each other 

Wipe: an optical effect marking a transition between two shots. 

Inset: An inset is a special visual effect whereby a reduced shot is superimposed on the main shot. Often used to reveal a close-up detail of the main shot.

Split Screen: the division of the screen into parts which can show the viewer several images at the same time. 

Camera Terms: 

Long shot (LS): subject is distant from camera surroundings dominate

Establishing shot (ES) : often a long shot or wide shot, it sets the scene by establishing where the action is happening ; generally used as the first shot in a sequence.

Medium shot (MS) : shot where the subject and the setting are roughly in balance, so that both the person and where he/ she is situated is clear. 

Close up (CU): the subject dominates the frame;anything from the head and shoulders shot to a giant image of part of the body or part of an object like an eye or a number on a clock face 

can also have extreme close ups so one thing dominates the frame

Over the Shoulder (OTS): shot looking over the shoulder of one character for example at the face of another character

Pan: sideways movement of camera from a static position 

Tilt: up or down movement of the camera from a static position 

Track or Dolly shot : movement of camera on some kind of trolley often following a character 

High Angle: shot looking down on a subject 

Low Angle : shot looking up at a subject 

Zoom: movement of lens to go closer or moves out from the subject 

Lighting : 

Key light : a bright source that provides main lighting 

High- key lighting : bright illumination few or no shadows minimum contrast 

Low-key lighting : dim or dark lighting effects 

Backlighting : light coming from behind the subject 

Three point lighting: a common set up using three directions of light on a scene ; behind, 1 source, dimmer opposite 

Lighting from front gives a flat, two dimensional image 

Side-lighting is used to create dramatic effects 

Backlighting is used to create a silhouette 

Sound : 

Digetic : part of the drama’s world i.e. the characters in a drama can hear the sound 

Non-digetic : sound that is not part of the world of the drama it is often added later 

Parallel (synchronous) : mood effect that matches the drama 

Contrapuntal (asynchronous) : doesn’t match the action of the show 

Incidental Music : crates the mood and helps create an audience response

Ambient Sound: generates atmosphere to enhance the setting 

Themes and stings: Incidental music associated with characters and events.